Valve adwuma no mfiase (1949-1959) .
01Yɛ nhyehyɛe de som ɔman no sikasɛm a ɛbɛsan ayɛ yiye
Bere a efi 1949 kosi 1952 no ne bere a me man no sikasɛm nyaa nkɔso. Esiane sikasɛm mu adansi ho ahiade nti, ɔman no hia dodow bi ntɛm aravalve ahorow a wɔde yɛ adwuma, ɛnyɛ sɛnhyɛso a ɛba fam valve ahorow, nanso ɛyɛ valve ahorow a nhyɛso kɛse ne nea ɛwɔ nhyɛso kɛse a wɔannyɛ saa bere no nso. Sɛnea wɔhyehyɛ valve a wɔyɛ no de di ɔman no ahiade a egye ntɛmpɛ ho dwuma no yɛ adwuma a emu yɛ duru na ɛyɛ den.
1. Kyerɛkyerɛ na wɔboa nneɛma a wɔyɛ
Sɛnea nhyehyɛe a ɛne sɛ “wɔbɛma nneɛma a wɔyɛ no anya nkɔso, ama sikasɛm ayɛ yiye, asusuw ɔman ne ankorankoro nyinaa ho, na ama adwumayɛfo ne kapital nyinaa anya so mfaso” no kyerɛ no, ɔmanfo aban no fa ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ adwuma na wɔkra nneɛma, na ɛboa ankorankoro nnwuma nketewa ne nketewa ma wɔsan bue na wɔyɛ valve ahorow. Wɔ People’s Republic of China a wɔde sii hɔ no anɔpa no, awiei koraa no, Shenyang Chengfa Dade Adwumayɛbea no too n’adwuma mu esiane ɛka kɛse a na ɛwɔ ne gua a enni hɔ mma ne nneɛma nti, na ɛkaa adwumayɛfo 7 pɛ a wɔbɛwɛn adwumayɛbea no, na wɔtɔn mfiri 14 a wɔde hwɛ ɛka a wɔbɔ so. Bere a wɔde New China sii hɔ akyi no, ɛnam ɔmanfo aban no mmoa so no, adwumayɛbea no san fii ase yɛɛ nneɛma, na adwumayɛfo dodow a wɔwɔ saa afe no mu kɔɔ soro fi 7 koduu 96 bere a efii ase no. Akyiri yi, adwumayɛbea no gyee nneɛma a wɔyɛ ho adwuma fii Shenyang Hardware Machinery Company hɔ, na nea wɔyɛe no yɛɛ foforo. Adwumayɛfo dodow kɔɔ soro koduu 329, na afe biara na wɔyɛ valve ahorow 610, na ne bo yɛ yuan 830,000. Wɔ saa bere koro no ara mu wɔ Shanghai no, ɛnyɛ ankorankoro nnwumakuw a na wɔyɛ valve ahorow nko na wobuee bio, na mmom bere a ɔman no sikasɛm san nyaa nkɔso no, ankorankoro nnwuma nketewa dodow bi buee anaasɛ wɔdan kɔɔ valve ahorow a wɔyɛ so, na ɛno maa Adansi Nneɛma Fekuw no ahyehyɛde no trɛwee ntɛmntɛm saa bere no.
2. Nkabom adetɔ ne adetɔn, nhyehyɛe valve production
Esiane sɛ ankorankoro nnwuma pii adan valve a wɔyɛ nti, mfitiase Shanghai Construction Hardware Association no ntumi nni nkɔso a wɔhwehwɛ no ho dwuma. Wɔ afe 1951 mu no, Shanghai valve manufacturers hyehyɛɛ 6 joint ventures sɛ wɔbɛyɛ processing ne ordering nnwuma a Shanghai Purchasing Supply Station of China Hardware Machinery Company, na wɔde biakoyɛ adetɔ ne adetɔn adi dwuma. Sɛ nhwɛso no, Daxin Iron Works a ɛyɛ adwuma a ɛyɛ akɛse a wɔfrɛ no valve a ɛwɔ nhyɛso a ɛba fam, ne Yuanda, Zhongxin, Jinlong ne Lianggong Machinery Factory a ɛyɛ adwuma a ɛyɛ nhyɛso kɛse ne nea ɛwɔ mfinimfini no nyinaa yɛ nea Shanghai Municipal Bureau of Public Utilities, Ministry of Industry of East China ne Central Fuel na ɛboa. Wɔ Petroleum Administration a ɛwɔ Ministry of Industry akwankyerɛ ase no, wɔde nneɛma a wɔkra tẽẽ di dwuma, na afei wɔdan kɔ ahyɛde ahorow a wɔyɛ ho adwuma so. Nnipa Aban aboa ankorankoro nnwuma ma wɔadi nsɛnnennen a ɛwɔ nneɛma a wɔyɛ ne adetɔn mu no so denam adetɔ ne adetɔn ho nhyehyɛe a wɔaka abom no so, mfiase no ɛsakraa ankorankoro nnwuma sikasɛm mu basabasayɛ, na ama nnwuma wuranom ne adwumayɛfo anigye a wɔwɔ wɔ nneɛma a wɔyɛ mu no atu mpɔn, a wɔakɔ akyi kɛse wɔ mfiridwuma, nnwinnade ne adwumayɛbea tebea horow mu Wɔ tebea horow no mu no, ɛde valve nneɛma pii ama nnwuma atitiriw te sɛ anyinam ahoɔden adwumayɛbea, dade adwumayɛbea ne ngo mfuw a wɔbɛsan afi ase ayɛ.
3. Nkɔsoɔ a wɔde bɛsan asiesie ɔman no sikasɛm mu adansiɛ dwumadie
Wɔ mfeɛ anum nhyehyɛeɛ a ɛdi kan no mu no, ɔman no ahunu adansiɛ adwuma titire 156, a emu Yumen Oil Field a wɔbɛsan asiesie ne Anshan Iron and Steel Company no nneɛma a wɔyɛ no yɛ nnwuma akɛseɛ mmienu. Nea ɛbɛyɛ na wɔasan afi ase ayɛ ngo wɔ Yumen Petrolfield ntɛm ara sɛnea wobetumi no, Petroleum Administration Bureau a ɛwɔ Ministry of Fuel Industry no yɛɛ nhyehyɛe sɛ wɔbɛyɛ petroleum mfiri afã horow wɔ Shanghai. Shanghai Jinlong Hardware Factory ne afoforo agye adwuma a ɛne sɛ wɔbɛsɔ dade a ɛwɔ nhyɛso a emu yɛ den a wɔde yɛ adwuma no ahwɛ. Ɛyɛ nea wobetumi asusuw ho sɛ ɛyɛ den sɛ adwumayɛbea nketewa a ɛte sɛ adwumayɛbea bɛsɔ ahwɛ sɛ wɔbɛyɛ valve ahorow a nhyɛso kɛse wom no ho mfonini wɔ w’adwenem. Wobetumi asuasua ahorow bi sɛnea nhwɛsode ahorow a wɔn a wɔde di dwuma no de ma nkutoo, na wɔyɛ nneɛma ankasa no mu nhwehwɛmu na wɔyɛ ho mfonini. Esiane sɛ na dade a wɔde gu mu no su nyɛ papa nti, na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔsesa dade a wɔde gu mu mfiase no valve nipadua no ma ɛyɛ forgings. Saa bere no, na drilling die biara nni hɔ a wɔde bɛyɛ oblique hole processing a ɛwɔ globe valve nipadua no mu, enti na wotumi de nsa nkutoo tu, na afei fitter bi siesie. Bere a yedii nsɛnnennen pii so akyi no, awiei koraa no yedii nkonim wɔ sɔhwɛ a wɔyɛe wɔ NPS3/8 ~ NPS2 medium-pressure steel gate valves ne globe valves, a wɔn a wɔde di dwuma no gye toom yiye no mu. Wɔ afe 1952 fã a ɛto so abien mu no, Shanghai Yuanta, Zhongxin, Weiye, Lianggong ne adwumayɛbea afoforo faa adwuma a ɛne sɛ wɔbɛsɔ dade a wɔde ayɛ valve a wɔde yɛ petroleum ahwɛ na wɔayɛ no pii. Saa bere no, na wɔde Sovietfo nhyehyɛe ne gyinapɛn ahorow di dwuma, na mfiridwumayɛfo no suaa ade denam yɛ so, na wodii nsɛnnennen pii a ɛwɔ nneɛma a wɔyɛ mu no so. Na Ministry of Petroleum na ɛyɛɛ Shanghai cast steel valves a wɔde yɛ sɔhwɛ no ho nhyehyɛe, na ɛsan nso nyaa adwumayɛkuw ahorow a ɛwɔ Shanghai no biakoyɛ. Asia Factory (mprempren Shanghai Machine Repair Factory) de dade a wɔde gu mu a ɛne ahwehwɛde ahorow hyia mae, na Sifang Boiler Factory boa ma wɔtow nneɛma. Awiei koraa no, sɔhwɛ no dii nkonim wɔ dade a wɔde ayɛ valve nhwɛsode no a wɔsɔɔ hwɛe no mu, na ntɛm ara wɔyɛɛ nhyehyɛe sɛ wɔbɛyɛ no pii na wɔde kɔmaa Yumen Oilfield sɛ wɔmfa nni dwuma wɔ bere ano. Bere koro no ara mu no, Shenyang Chengfa Dade Adwumayɛbea ne Shanghai Daxin Dade Adwumayɛbea nso de maevalve ahorow a nhyɛso a ɛba fam woma ɛwɔ akɛseɛ a wɔfrɛ no akɛseɛ a wɔde bɛyɛ anyinam ahoɔden mfiri, Anshan Iron and Steel Company sɛ wɔbɛsan ahyɛ aseɛ ayɛ ne nkuropɔn adansiɛ.
Bere a ɔman no sikasɛm resan ayɛ yiye no, me man no valve adwumayɛ anya nkɔso ntɛmntɛm. Wɔ afe 1949 mu no, na valve a ɛba no yɛ 387t pɛ, na ɛkɔɔ soro koduu 1015t wɔ 1952. Wɔ mfiridwuma mu no, atumi ayɛ dade a wɔde ayɛ valve ne valve akɛse a nhyɛso a ɛba fam, a ɛnyɛ sɛ ɛma valve a ɛne no hyia ma ɔman no sikasɛm a ɛbɛsan ayɛ yiye nko, na mmom ɛto fapem pa nso ma daakye nkɔso a ɛbɛba China valve adwumayɛ mu.
02Valv adwuma no fii ase
Wɔ afe 1953 mu no, me man no fii ne mfe anum nhyehyɛe a edi kan ase, na mfiridwuma mu nnwuma te sɛ petroleum, nnuruyɛ, dade, anyinam ahoɔden ne fango nyinaa maa nkɔso no yɛɛ ntɛmntɛm. Saa bere yi de, hia a ehia sɛ wɔde valve ahorow di dwuma no dɔɔso. Saa bere no, ɛwom sɛ na ankorankoro adwumayɛbea nketewa a wɔyɛ valve ahorow pii wɔ hɔ de, nanso na wɔn mfiridwuma mu tumi yɛ mmerɛw, na wɔn nnwinnade no bere atwam, na wɔn adwumayɛbea ahorow no nyɛ den, na wɔn nsenia sua dodo, na na wɔahwete dodo. Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobedi ɔman no sikasɛm mu nkɔso ntɛmntɛm ho ahwehwɛde ahorow ho dwuma no, Mfiridwuma Dwumadibea a Edi Kan (a wɔfrɛ no Mfiri Dwumadibea a Edi Kan) kɔ so san hyehyɛ na ɛsakra ankorankoro nnwuma a edi kan no na ɛtrɛw valve a wɔyɛ mu. Bere koro no ara mu no, nhyehyɛe ne anammɔn ahorow wɔ hɔ a wɔbɛfa so ayɛ akyi dompe ne key valve ahorow. Enterprise, me man no valve adwuma no fii ase fii ase.
1. Nsiesiei foforo a wɔyɛe wɔ valve adwumayɛbea a ɛto so abien no mu wɔ Shanghai
Bere a wɔde New China sii hɔ akyi no, Party no de nhyehyɛe a ɛne sɛ “wɔde di dwuma, anohyeto ne nsakrae” dii dwuma maa kapitalist nnwuma ne aguadi.
Ɛbɛdaa adi sɛ na adwumayɛbea nketewa a wɔyɛ valve 60 anaa 70 na ɛwɔ Shanghai. Ná nnipa 20 kosi 30 pɛ na wɔwɔ adwumayɛbea ahorow yi mu a ɛsõ sen biara no, na na nnipa kakraa bi pɛ na wɔwɔ nea esua koraa no mu. Ɛwom sɛ saa valve adwumayɛbea ahorow yi yɛ valve ahorow de, nanso wɔn mfiridwuma ne ne sohwɛ kɔ akyi yiye, nnwinnade ne adwumayɛbea adan no yɛ mmerɛw, na akwan a wɔfa so yɛ no yɛ mmerɛw. Ebinom wɔ lathes anaa belt mfiri nnwinnade a ɛnyɛ den biako anaa abien pɛ, na fononoo bi a wɔde tow ahina a wɔde tow gu mu nkutoo na ɛwɔ hɔ, a wɔde nsa na ɛyɛ emu dodow no ara. , a enni tumi a wɔde yɛ nhyehyɛe ne nnwinnade a wɔde sɔ hwɛ. Saa tebea yi mfata mma nnɛyi nneɛma a wɔyɛ, na saa ara nso na entumi nni ɔman no ahwehwɛde ahorow a wɔayɛ ho nhyehyɛe sɛ wɔbɛyɛ no ho dwuma, na ɛrentumi nyɛ yiye sɛ wobedi nneɛma a wɔde yɛ valve no su so. Nea ɛbɛyɛ na wɔatumi ayɛ eyi no, Shanghai Municipal People’s Government ne wɔn a wɔyɛ valve wɔ Shanghai ayɛ adwuma abom, na wɔde Shanghai Pipeline Switches No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, No. 4, No. 5, No. 6 ne nnwumakuw afoforo a ɛwɔ mfinimfini asi hɔ. Sɛ yɛde atifi hɔ, adwumayɛ a ɛwɔ mfinimfini wɔ mfiridwuma ne nea ɛyɛ papa mu, a ɛka adwumayɛ a wɔahwete na ɛyɛ basabasa no bom yiye, na ɛnam so boaboa adwumayɛfo dodow no ara anigye ano kɛse sɛ wɔbɛkyekye sohyialism no bom a, eyi ne nhyehyɛe foforo kɛse a edi kan wɔ valve adwuma no mu.
Ɔman ne ankorankoro fekubɔ akyi wɔ afe 1956 mu no, wɔyɛɛ nsakraeɛ a ɛtɔ so mmienu ne mfiridwuma mu nhyehyɛeɛ foforɔ a ɛtɔ so mmienu, na wɔhyehyɛɛ nnwumakuo a ɛyɛ adwumayɛfoɔ te sɛ Shanghai Construction Hardware Company, Petroleum Machinery Parts Manufacturing Company ne General Machinery Company. Valve adwumakuw a mfiase no na ɛka adansi hardware adwuma no ho no de Yuanda, Rongfa, Zhongxin, Weiye, Jinlong, Zhao Yongda, Tongxin, Fuchang, Wang Yingqi, Yunchang, Dehe, Jinfa, ne Xie asi hɔ sɛnea ɔmantam biara te. Mfinimfini adwumayɛbea ahorow bɛyɛ 20 na ɛwɔ Dalian, Yuchang, Deda, ne nea ɛkeka ho.Mfinimfini adwumayɛbea biara wɔ satellite adwumayɛbea ahorow pii a ɛhyɛ ne tumi ase. Wɔhyehyɛɛ akuw baa dwumadibea ne adwumayɛfo kuw a wɔbom yɛ adwuma a ɛwɔ fam wɔ adwumayɛbea a ɛwɔ mfinimfini no mu. Aban no maa ɔmanfo ananmusifo sɛ wɔnhwɛ adwumayɛ adwuma so, na sɛnea ɛne no hyia no hyehyɛɛ nneɛma a wɔyɛ, nneɛma a wɔde ma, ne sikasɛm ho adwumayɛ ahyehyɛde ahorow, na ɛde nkakrankakra de akwan horow a wɔfa so di dwuma a ɛte sɛ ɔman nnwumakuw no dii dwuma. Bere koro no ara mu no, Shenyang mpɔtam hɔ nso kaa adwumayɛbea nketewa 21 boom yɛɛ no ChengfaGate Valve a ɛwɔ hɔMfididwuma. Efi saa bere no, ɔman no de nnwuma nketewa ne akɛse a wɔyɛ no aba ɔman nhyehyɛe kwan no so denam adwumayɛkuw ahorow a wɔhwɛ so wɔ gyinabea ahorow nyinaa so, na wɔayɛ nhyehyɛe na wɔahyehyɛ valve a wɔyɛ no. Eyi yɛ nsakrae a aba wɔ valve nnwumayɛbea ahorow a wɔyɛ no sohwɛ mu fi bere a wɔhyehyɛɛ New China no.
2. Shenyang General Machinery Factory danee kɔɔ valve a wɔyɛ so
Bere koro no ara a wɔsan hyehyɛɛ wɔn a wɔyɛ valve wɔ Shanghai no, Mfiri Dwumadibea a Edi Kan no kyekyɛɛ adwumayɛbea biara a ɛka ho tẽẽ no nneɛma a wɔyɛ mu, na wɔmaa adwumayɛbea ahorow a ɛka ho tẽẽ ne mpɔtam hɔ adwumayɛbea akɛse a ɔman no wɔ no nneɛma a wɔyɛ no mu daa hɔ. Wɔdanee Shenyang General Machinery Factory yɛɛ no adwumayɛfo a wɔyɛ valve. adwumayɛkuw. Nea edii adwumayɛbea no anim ne adwumayɛfo ahenkurow adwumayɛbea a ɛwɔ asase kɛse so adwumayɛbea ne Japanfo atoro nnwuma a wɔyɛ wɔ Dechang adwumayɛbea no. Bere a wɔde New China sii hɔ akyi no, na adwumayɛbea no yɛ mfiri ahorow ne paipu nkabom titiriw. Wɔ 1953 mu no, efii ase yɛɛ mfiri a wɔde yɛ nnua. Wɔ 1954 mu, bere a na ɛhyɛ Mfiridwuma Dwumadibea a Edi Kan no sohwɛ ase tẽẽ no, na ɛwɔ adwumayɛfo 1,585 ne mfiri ne nnwinnade ahorow 147. Na ɛwɔ tumi a wɔde yɛ dade a wɔabɔ, na mfiridwuma mu tumi no mu yɛ den kakra. Efi 1955, sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a ɛbɛyɛ nsakrae wɔ ɔman nhyehyɛe no nkɔso mu no, ɛda adi pefee sɛ ɛdan kɔɔ valve a wɔyɛ so, asan ayɛ mfitiase dade adwuma, nhyiam, adwinnade, mfiri a wosiesie ne dade a wɔde gu fam adwumayɛbea ahorow, asi adwumayɛbea foforo a wɔde riveting ne welding yɛ, na ɛde mfinimfini aduruyɛdan ne beae a wɔde nneɛma a wɔde susuw nneɛma ho adanse asi hɔ. Wɔde mfiridwumayɛfo binom fii Shenyang Pump Factory. Wɔ afe 1956 mu no, 837t anhyɛso a ɛba fam valve ahorowwɔyɛɛ no, na wofii ase yɛɛ valve ahorow a nhyɛso kɛse ne nea ɛwɔ nhyɛso kɛse wom pii. Wɔ afe 1959 mu no, wɔyɛɛ valve 4213t, a 1291t a ɛyɛ nhyɛsoɔ kɛseɛ ne nea ɛwɔ nhyɛsoɔ kɛseɛ ka ho. Wɔ afe 1962 mu no, wɔsesaa ne din yɛɛ no Shenyang High and Medium Pressure Valve Factory na ɛbɛyɛɛ nnwuma akɛse a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo mu wɔ valve adwumayɛ mu no mu biako.
3. Valve a wɔyɛ no awiei a edi kan
Wɔ New China a wɔde sii hɔ mfiase no, na biakoyɛ ne akodi titiriw na edi me man no valve a wɔyɛ no ho dwuma. Wɔ “Great Leap Forward” bere no mu no, me man no mu valve adwumayɛkuw no nyaa nea edi kan a ɛma wɔyɛɛ nneɛma no. Valve a ɛbae: 387t wɔ 1949 mu, 8126t wɔ 1956 mu, 49746t wɔ 1959 mu, 1949 de no mmɔho 128.5, ne 1956 bere a wɔde ɔman ne ankorankoro fekubɔ sii hɔ no mmɔho 6.1. Wofii ase yɛɛ valve a nhyɛso kɛse ne nea ɛwɔ mfinimfini no akyiri yi, na wofii ase yɛɛ no kɛse wɔ 1956 mu, na afe biara na wɔyɛ 175t. Wɔ afe 1959 mu no, nea wɔyɛe no duu 1799t, na na ɛyɛ 1956 de no mmɔho 10.3. Ɔman sikasɛm adansi a ɛkɔ so ntɛmntɛm no ama nkɔso kɛse a aba wɔ valve adwumayɛ mu no ho. Wɔ 1955 mu no, Shanghai Lianggong Valve Factory yɛɛ Buronya dua valve a wɔde bɛyɛ Yumen Oilfield no hwɛe yiye; Shanghai Yuanda, Zhongxin, Weiye, Rongfa ne mfiri adwumayɛbea afoforo sɔhwɛ-ayɛ dade a wɔabɔ, forged dade medium ne high pressure valves ne nominal pressure ma ngo mfuw ne fertilizer adwumayɛbea ahorow High-pressure fertilizer valves of PN160 ne PN320 Shenyang General Machinery Factory ne Suzhou Iron Factory (a edii Suzhou Valve Factory anim) yɛɛ valve ahorow a nhyɛso kɛse wom a wɔde yɛɛ Jilin Chemical Industry Corporation adwumayɛbea a wɔde nnuru gu mu no hwɛe yiye; Shenyang Chengfa Iron Factory yɛɛ anyinam ahoɔden pon valve a ne kɛse yɛ DN3000 yiye. Ná ɛyɛ valve a ɛso sen biara na emu yɛ duru sen biara wɔ China saa bere no; Shenyang General Machinery Factory nkonimdi sɔhwɛ-ayɛ ultra-high pressure valves a nominal sizes of DN3 ~ DN10 ne nominal pressures of PN1500 ~ PN2000 ma high-pressure polyethylene mfinimfini sɔhwɛ afiri; Shanghai Daxin Iron Factory yɛɛ maa dade adwuma Mframa a ɛyɛ hyew a ɛyɛ hyew kɛse a ne kɛse yɛ DN600 ne flue valve a ɛyɛ DN900; Dalian Valve Factory, Wafangdian Valve Factory, ne nea ɛkeka ho nso anya nkɔso ntɛmntɛm. Valve ahorow ne dodow a ɛkɔ soro no ama valve adwuma no anya nkɔso. Titiriw esiane adansi ahiade a ɛwɔ “Ahuruw Kɛse a Ɛkɔ Anim” adwuma no nti, adwumayɛbea nketewa ne akɛse a wɔyɛ valve ahorow afifi wɔ ɔman no mu nyinaa. Eduu 1958 no, na ɔman no mu nnwumakuw a wɔyɛ valve no wɔ Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ ɔha, na wɔhyehyɛɛ kuw kɛse bi a wɔyɛ valve. Wɔ afe 1958 mu no, valve ahorow a wɔyɛe nyinaa kɔɔ soro koduu 24,163t, ɛyɛ nkɔanim 80% sen 1957; Wɔ saa bere yi mu no, me man no mu valve a wɔyɛ no nyaa nea edi kan a ɛsen biara. Nanso esiane sɛ wɔde valve ayɛfo fii ase nti, ɛde ɔhaw ahorow nso bae. Sɛ nhwɛso no: dodow nkutoo akyi a wodi, ɛnyɛ su pa; “yɛyɛ nketewa na wɔyɛ akɛse, mpɔtam hɔ akwan”, mfiridwuma tebea a enni hɔ; design bere a wɔreyɛ, nsusuwii ahorow a ɛfata a wonni; copy na copy, na ɛde mfiridwuma mu adwene mu naayɛ ba. Esiane wɔn nhyehyɛe ahorow a ɛsono emu biara nti, emu biara wɔ akwan horow a ɛsono emu biara. Nsɛmfua a wɔde di dwuma wɔ valve ahorow mu no nyɛ pɛ wɔ mmeae ahorow, na nhyɛso a wɔfrɛ no ne kɛse a wɔde frɛ no nnidiso nnidiso no nyɛ pɛ. Nnwumayɛbea ahorow bi kyerɛ Soviet gyinapɛn ahorow, ebi nso kyerɛ Japanfo gyinapɛn ahorow, na ebinom nso kyerɛ Amerikafo ne Britaniafo gyinapɛn ahorow. Adwene a ɛyɛ basaa kɛse. Wɔ ahorow ahorow, nsɛm a wɔakyerɛkyerɛ mu, nkitahodi nsusuwii, ɔdan no tenten, sɔhwɛ tebea, sɔhwɛ gyinapɛn, paint agyiraehyɛde, honam fam ne nnuru, ne susuw, ne nea ɛkeka ho Nnwumakuw pii fa ɔkwan a ɛne ne ho hyia biako a ɛne sɛ “wɔde nkongua dodow hyia”, wɔmfa nhyɛ bɔ sɛ ɛyɛ papa, nea efi mu ba no nkɔ soro, na sikasɛm mu mfaso no ntu mpɔn. Na tebea a na ɛwɔ hɔ saa bere no “apete, basabasayɛ, kakraa bi, na ɛba fam”, kyerɛ sɛ, valve adwumayɛbea ahorow a apete baabiara, basabasayɛ nhyehyɛe a wɔde di dwuma, mfiridwuma mu gyinapɛn ne nsɛm a wɔaka abom a enni hɔ, ne nneɛma a wɔyɛ no yiye a ɛba fam. Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wɔbɛdan tebea yi no, ɔman no sii gyinae sɛ wɔbɛhyehyɛ adwumayɛfo a wɔfata ma wɔayɛ ɔman no mu nhwehwɛmu a ɛfa nneɛma a wɔyɛ ho wɔvalve nomfididwuma.
4. Ɔman no mu nhwehwɛmu a edi kan a wɔyɛe wɔ valve a wɔyɛ ho
Nea ɛbɛyɛ na wɔahu tebea a ɛwɔ valve a wɔyɛ mu no, wɔ 1958 mu no, Mfiri Dwumadibea a Edi Kan no Dwumadibea a Edi Kan ne Nea Ɛto so Abiɛsa no yɛɛ ɔman no mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔbɛyɛ wɔ valve a wɔyɛ ho nhyehyɛe. Nhwehwɛmu kuw no kɔɔ mmeae 4 ne nkurow 24 a ɛwɔ China Atifi Apuei, China Atifi fam, China Apuei ne China Kesee Fam Mfinimfini kɔyɛɛ nhwehwɛmu a edi mũ wɔ valve adwumayɛbea ahorow 90 ho. Eyi ne nhwehwɛmu a edi kan a wɔayɛ wɔ ɔman no nyinaa mu wɔ valve ho fi bere a wɔde People’s Republic of China sii hɔ no. Saa bere no, nhwehwɛmu no twee adwene sii wɔn a wɔyɛ valve a wɔn kɛse na wɔyɛ ahorow ne nea wɔakyerɛkyerɛ mu pii so, te sɛ Shenyang General Machinery Factory, Shenyang Chengfa Iron Factory, Suzhou Iron Factory, ne Dalian Valve. Factory, Beijing Hardware Material Factory (a edii Beijing Valve Factory anim), Wafangdian Valve Factory, Chongqing Valve Factory, valve ayɛfo pii wɔ Shanghai ne Shanghai Pipeline Switch 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ne 6 adwumayɛbea ahorow, ne nea ɛkeka ho.
Ɛdenam nhwehwɛmu no so no, wɔahu ɔhaw atitiriw a ɛwɔ hɔ wɔ valve a wɔyɛ mu no titiriw:
1) Nhyehyɛeɛ a wɔnyɛ ne adwuma a wɔkyekyɛ mu wɔ nteaseɛ mu, a ɛde nneɛma a wɔyɛ no mpɛn pii na ɛka tumi a wɔde yɛ adwuma no.
2) Valve product gyinapɛn ahorow no nyɛ biako, a ɛde ɔhaw kɛse aba nea ɔde di dwuma no paw ne ne siesie so.
3) Nea wogyina so susuw ne nhwehwɛmu adwuma no nyɛ papa dodo, na ɛyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛhwɛ ahu sɛ valve nneɛma ne nea wɔyɛ no pii no ye.
Wɔ atifi hɔ ɔhaw ahorow no ho mmuaema mu no, nhwehwɛmu kuw no de nneɛma abiɛsa too gua maa ɔsom adwuma ahorow ne adwumayɛbea ahorow no, a nea ɛka ho ne nhyehyɛe nyinaa a wɔbɛhyɛ mu den, adwuma mu kyɛfa a ntease wom, ne nneɛma a wɔyɛ ne adetɔn a wɔbɛkari pɛ ho nhyehyɛe; gyinapɛn nhyehyɛe ne honam fam ne nnuru nhwehwɛmu adwuma a wɔbɛhyɛ mu den, valve gyinapɛn ahorow a wɔaka abom a wɔbɛhyehyɛ; ne nhwehwɛmu a wɔde sɔ hwɛ a wɔbɛyɛ. 1. 3rd Bureau no akannifo de eyi ho hia kɛse. Nea edi kan koraa no, wɔde wɔn adwene sii gyinapɛn adwuma no so. Wɔde hyɛɛ Machinery Manufacturing Technology Research Institute a ɛwɔ First Ministry of Machinery no nsa sɛ wɔnhyehyɛ wɔn a wɔyɛ valve a ɛfa ho no ma wɔnhyehyɛ pipeline accessories gyinapɛn ahorow a ɔsom adwuma no de mae, a wɔde dii dwuma wɔ adwumayɛbea biara mu wɔ 1961. Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wɔbɛkyerɛ adwumayɛbea biara valve nhyehyɛe kwan no, asoɛe no aboaboa “Valve Design Manual” ano na wɔatintim. Pipeline accessories gyinapɛn a ɔsom adwuma no de ama no yɛ valve gyinapɛn ahorow a edi kan wɔ me man mu, na “Valve Design Manual” no yɛ valve design mfiridwuma ho nsɛm a edi kan a yɛn ankasa boaboaa ano, a adi dwuma pa wɔ valve nneɛma a wɔayɛ no yiye wɔ me man mu no mu. Ɛdenam ɔman no nyinaa mu nhwehwɛmu yi so no, wɔahu nea ɛho hia titiriw a ɛmaa me man no mu valve adwuma no anya nkɔso wɔ mfe 10 a atwam no mu, na wɔayɛ nneɛma a mfaso wɔ so na etu mpɔn de ayi valve a wɔyɛ no basabasa a wosuasua ne gyinapɛn ahorow a wonni no afi hɔ koraa. Mfiridwuma a wɔde yɛ nneɛma no kɔɔ n’anim kɛse na efii ase hyɛn ɔfã foforo a ɛfa wɔn ankasa nhyehyɛe ne nhyehyɛe a wɔde yɛ nneɛma pii ho.
03 Nsɛm a wɔaboaboa ano
Efi 1949 kosi 1959 no, me man novalvennwuma ahorow no nyaa ahoɔden ntɛm ara fii China dedaw no basabasayɛ no mu na efii ase fii ase; efi nsiesie so, nea wosuasua so kosi nea wɔn ankasa yɛ sodesign ne manufacture, efi valve a nhyɛso a ɛba fam a wɔyɛ so kosi valve a nhyɛso kɛse ne nea ɛyɛ kɛse a wɔyɛ so no, mfiase no na ɛhyehyɛɛ valve a wɔyɛ adwuma no. Nanso, esiane ahoɔhare a wɔde yɛ nneɛma no nkɔso ntɛmntɛm nti, ɔhaw ahorow bi nso wɔ hɔ. Efi bere a wɔde kaa ɔman nhyehyɛe no ho, wɔ Mfiridwuma Dwumadibea a Edi Kan no sohwɛ a ɛwɔ mfinimfini no ase no, wɔahu nea ɛde ɔhaw no ba denam nhwehwɛmu ne nhwehwɛmu so, na wɔayɛ ano aduru ne nneɛma a mfaso wɔ so na etu mpɔn na ama wɔatumi ayɛ valve a wɔyɛ no atumi ne ɔman no sikasɛm mu adansi a ɛkɔ so ntɛmntɛm no ahyia, na ama valve adwuma no anya nkɔso. Na nnwuma ahyehyɛde ahorow a wɔhyehyɛ no ato fapem pa.
Bere a wɔde bɛkyerɛw: Jul-27-2022
