Nkɔso a ɛkɔɔ so wɔ valve adwumayɛ mu (1967-1978) .
01 Nnwuma nkɔsoɔ nya nkɛntɛnsoɔ
Efi 1967 kosi 1978 no, esiane nsakrae kɛse a aba wɔ asetra mu nti, nkɔso a aba wɔ valve adwumayɛ mu nso kɛse. Nneɛma atitiriw a ɛda adi ne:
1. Valve no na ɛyɛ adwuma nea wɔyɛ no so tew kɛse, na nea ɛyɛ papa no so tew kɛse
2. Valve no na ɛyɛ adwuma nyansahu mu nhwehwɛmu nhyehyɛe a afi ase renya nkɔso no aka
3. Medium pressure valve nneɛma bɛyɛ bere tiaa mu bio
4. Wofii ase yɛɛ valve ahorow a nhyɛso kɛse ne nea ɛwɔ mu a wɔanhyɛ da ayɛ
02 Yɛ nneɛma bi a ɛbɛma “valve short line” no ayɛ tenten .
Nneɛma a wɔyɛ wɔvalve nonnwuma so atew kɛse, na bere a wɔayɛ bere tiaa mu nhyɛso a ɛkɔ soro ne mfinimfini valve nneɛma akyi no, ɔman no bu eyi sɛ ɛho hia kɛse. Heavy and General Bureau a ɛwɔ First Ministry of Machinery no hyehyɛɛ valve kuw bi a wɔbɛhwɛ ma wɔayɛ mfiridwuma mu nsakrae wɔ valve adwumayɛ mu. Bere a wɔyɛɛ nhwehwɛmu a emu dɔ ne nhwehwɛmu akyi no, valve kuw no de “Amanneɛbɔ a ɛfa Adwene a Ɛfa Nneɛma a Wɔbɛyɛ a Wɔde Yɛ Valve a Nhyɛso Kɛse ne Mfinimfini Ho” no too gua, a wɔde kɔmaa Ɔman Nhyehyɛe Bagua no. Nhwehwɛmu akyi no, wosii gyinae sɛ wɔde yuan ɔpepem 52 bɛto valve adwumayɛ mu de ayɛ mfiridwuma mu nsakrae de adi ɔhaw a ɛne sɛ nhyɛso a ɛkorɔn ne nea ɛwɔ mfinimfini a ɛho yɛ na kɛse no ho dwumavalve ahorow a wɔde yɛ adwuma na nneɛma a ɛyɛ papa so atew ntɛm ara sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ yiye biara.
1. Kaifeng nhyiam abien
Wɔ May 1972 mu no, Mfiri Dwumadibea a Edi Kan no yɛɛ ɔman biaravalvennwuma mu adwumayɛ ho ɔkasa a ɛkɔ so wɔ Kaifeng Kuropɔn mu, Henan Mantam mu. Nnwumakuw 125 ne ananmusifo 198 a wofi valve adwumayɛbea ahorow 88, nyansahu mu nhwehwɛmu ne mfoniniyɛ asoɛe ahorow 8 a ɛfa ho, ɔmantam ne nkurow akɛse mu mfiri adwumayɛbea ahorow 13 ne wɔn a wɔde di dwuma no bi baa nhyiam no ase. Nhyiamu no sii gyinae sɛ wɔbɛsan de nnwuma no ahyehyɛdeɛ mmienu no ne amansɛmdifoɔ ntam nkitahodiɛ no asi hɔ, na wɔpaw Kaifeng High Pressure Valve Factory ne Tieling Valve Factory sɛ wɔn a wɔyɛ nhyɛsoɔ kɛseɛ ne nhyɛsoɔ a ɛba fam akuo akannifoɔ, na Hefei General Machinery Research Institute ne Shenyang Valve Research Institute na wɔhwɛɛ intelligence network adwuma no so. Nhyiamu no nso kaa nsɛm a ɛfa “nnɛyi nneɛma mmiɛnsa”, nneɛma a wɔyɛ no yiedie a ɛkɔ anim, mfiridwuma mu nhwehwɛmu, nneɛma a wɔkyekyɛ, ne nnwuma ne nyansahu dwumadiɛ a ɛrenya nkɔsoɔ ho asɛm na wɔsuaa ho adeɛ. Efi saa bere no, nnwuma ne amansɛmdi dwumadi ahorow a wɔatwa mu mfe asia no asan afi ase. Saa nneɛma yi adi dwuma kɛse wɔ valve a wɔyɛ no ho nkuran na wɔadan bere tiaa mu tebea no.
2. San fi nnwuma ahyehyɛde dwumadi ne nsɛm a wɔde sesa ase
Kaifeng Nhyiam no akyi wɔ 1972 mu no, nnwuma akuw san fii wɔn dwumadi ase bio. Saa bere no, adwumayɛbea ahorow 72 pɛ na wɔde wɔn ho hyɛɛ nnwuma nhyehyɛe no mu, na na adwumayɛbea ahorow pii a wɔyɛ valve ahorow no nnya mfaa wɔn ho nyɛɛ nnwuma nhyehyɛe no mu. Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wɔbɛhyehyɛ valve adwumayɛbea pii sɛnea wobetumi no, ɔmantam biara hyehyɛ nnwuma dwumadi ahorow. Shenyang Nhyɛso a ɛkorɔn ne nea ɛwɔ ntam Valve adwumayɛbea, Beijing Valve adwumayɛbea, Shanghai Valve adwumayɛbea, Wuhan Valve adwumayɛbea,Tianjin Valve Adwumayɛbea, Gansu High ne Medium Pressure Valve Factory, ne Zigong High Pressure Valve Factory na wɔhwɛ Atifi Apuei, China Atifi fam, China Apuei fam, Central South, Northwest, ne Southwest Regions so. Wɔ saa bere yi mu no, na valve adwumayɛ ne amanneɛbɔ dwumadi ahorow no gu ahorow na ɛsow aba, na na adwumayɛbea ahorow a ɛwɔ adwuma no mu ani gye ho kɛse. Esiane nnwuma dwumadi ahorow a ɛrenya nkɔso, osuahu a wɔtaa sesa, mmoa a wɔde ma wɔn ho wɔn ho ne wɔn ho wɔn ho adesua nti, ɛnyɛ sɛ ɛhyɛ nneɛma a wɔyɛ no yiyedi ho nkuran nko, na mmom ɛma biakoyɛ ne adamfofa a ɛda adwumayɛbea ahorow ntam no yɛ kɛse, sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a valve adwumayɛkuw no ayɛ biako, wɔ biakoyɛ mu, nsa ne nsa Kɔ yɛn anim, a ɛkyerɛ tebea a ɛyɛ hyew na ɛrenya nkɔso.
3. Yɛ “nnɛyi nneɛma abiɛsa” a ɛfa valve nneɛma ho no
Sɛnea Kaifeng nhyiam abien no honhom ne Heavy and General Bureau of the First Ministry of Machinery adwene kyerɛ no, General Machinery Research Institute no san hyehyɛɛ valve “nnɛyi abiɛsa” adwuma kɛse bi a adwumayɛbea ahorow a ɛwɔ adwuma no mu no boaa no denneennen. “Nnɛyi nneɛma abiɛsa” adwuma no yɛ mfiridwuma mu adwuma titiriw a ɛho hia, a ɛyɛ adeyɛ a etu mpɔn a wɔde bɛma nnwumakuw no mfiridwuma mu nsakrae ntɛmntɛm na ama valve nneɛma a wɔde yɛ adwuma no atu mpɔn. Valve “nneɛma abiɛsa” adwuma kuw no yɛ adwuma sɛnea “nneɛma anan” (ɛnyɛ den sɛ wɔde bedi dwuma, ɛnyɛ den sɛ wobesi, ɛnyɛ den sɛ wobesiesie na ɛne ne ho hyia yiye) ne “anan nkabom” (nhwɛso, adwumayɛ parameters, nkitahodi ne ne nyinaa nsusuwii, gyinapɛn afã horow) nnyinasosɛm ahorow no kyerɛ. Adwuma no mu nsɛm titiriw wɔ afã abiɛsa, biako ne sɛ wɔbɛma ahorow a wɔaka abom no ayɛ mmerɛw; ɔfoforo no ne sɛ wɔbɛhyehyɛ na wɔasan ahwɛ mfiridwuma mu gyinapɛn ahorow bi mu; nea ɛto so abiɛsa ne sɛ wɔbɛpaw nneɛma na wɔawie.
4. Mfiridwuma mu nhwehwɛmu ama nyansahu mu nhwehwɛmu anya nkɔso
(1) Nyansahu mu nhwehwɛmu akuw a wɔbɛhyehyɛ ne sɔhwɛbea ahorow a wosisi Wɔ 1969 awiei no, wotuu Mfiri Nhwehwɛmu Asoɛe Kɛse no fii Beijing kɔɔ Hefei, na wobubuu mfitiase mfiri a wɔde sɔ hwɛ a ɛko tia nsu a ɛsen no, na ɛkaa nyansahu mu nhwehwɛmu kɛse. Wɔ 1971 mu no, nyansahu mu nhwehwɛmufo san baa kuw no mu nnidiso nnidiso, na valve nhwehwɛmu dan no kɔɔ soro koduu nnipa bɛboro 30, na ɔsom adwuma no hyɛɛ wɔn sɛ wɔnyɛ mfiridwuma mu nhwehwɛmu ho nhyehyɛe. Wɔyɛɛ aduruyɛdan a ɛnyɛ den, wɔde afiri a wɔde sɔ nneɛma hwɛ a ɛmma nsu ntumi nkɔ mu sii hɔ, na wɔyɛɛ mfiri pɔtee bi a wɔde sɔ nhyɛso, nneɛma a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma ne mfiri afoforo a wɔde sɔ nneɛma hwɛ, na wofii mfiridwuma mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛe wɔ valve a wɔsɔ ano ne nea wɔde kyekyere nneɛma ho no ase.
(2) Nneɛma atitiriw a wɔatumi ayɛ Kaifeng Nhyiam a wɔyɛe wɔ afe 1973 mu no hyehyɛɛ mfiridwuma mu nhwehwɛmu nhyehyɛe maa valve adwumayɛkuw no fi 1973 kosi 1975, na wɔde nhwehwɛmu adwuma atitiriw 39 ho nyansahyɛ mae. Wɔn mu bi ne nneɛma 8 a wɔde yɛ ɔhyew, nneɛma 16 a wɔde sealing surface, nneɛma 6 a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma, ade 1 a wɔde yɛ anyinam ahoɔden mfiri, ne nneɛma 6 a wɔde sɔ hwɛ ne adwumayɛ ho sɔhwɛ. Akyiri yi, wɔ Harbin Welding Research Institute, Wuhan Material Protection Research Institute, ne Hefei General Machinery Research Institute no, wɔpaw adwumayɛfo titiriw sɛ wɔnyɛ nhyehyɛe na wɔnyɛ nhyehyɛe wɔ nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ no daa mu, na wɔyɛɛ adwuma nhyiam abien a ɛfa nneɛma atitiriw a ɛwɔ nhyɛso a ɛkorɔn ne mfinimfini valve ahorow ho de bɔɔ osuahu mua, mmoa a wɔde ma wɔn ho wɔn ho ne nsakrae, na wɔyɛɛ 1976 -Mfitiase afã horow nhwehwɛmu nhyehyɛe wɔ 1980. Ɛdenam mmɔdenbɔ a wɔpenee so wɔ adwuma no nyinaa, wɔanya nkɔso kɛse wɔ mfiridwuma mu nhwehwɛmu adwuma mu, a ama nyansahu mu nhwehwɛmu anya nkɔso wɔ valve adwumayɛ mu. Nea efi mu ba titiriw ne nea edidi so yi:
1) Tack wɔ nsɔano no so. Nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛe wɔ sealing surface no botae ne sɛ wobedi ɔhaw a ɛfa emu nsu a ɛtwetwe ho no ho dwumavalve no. Saa bere no, na nneɛma a wɔde hyɛ nsɔano no so titiriw yɛ 20Cr13 ne 12Cr18Ni9, a na ɛnyɛ den pii, na ɛnyɛ den sɛ ɛbɛsɛe, ɔhaw a emu yɛ den a ɛwɔ mu a ɛtwetwe wɔ valve nneɛma mu, na na ɛtra hɔ bere tiaa bi. Shenyang Valve Nhwehwɛmu Asoɛe, Harbin Welding Nhwehwɛmu Asoɛe ne Harbin Boiler Factory hyehyɛɛ nhwehwɛmu kuw a wɔaka abom abiɛsa. Mfeɛ 2 adwumaden akyi no, wɔyɛɛ chrome-manganese sealing surface surfacing material foforɔ (20Cr12Mo8). Nneɛma no wɔ process adwumayɛ pa. Eye scratch resistance, long service life, ne no nickel ne less chromium, resources betumi agyina fie, akyi mfiridwuma appraisal, ɛsom bo kɛse ma promotion.
2) Nhwehwɛmu a wɔbɛhyɛ ma. Botae a ɛwɔ packing nhwehwɛmu no mu ne sɛ wobedi ɔhaw a ɛfa valve leakage ho no ho dwuma. Saa bere no, na asbestos a wɔde ngo ahyɛ mu ne rɔba asbestos titiriw wɔ valve a wɔde ahyɛ mu no mu, na na sɛnea wɔde nsɔano no nyɛ adwuma yiye, na ɛmaa valve no mu nsu fii mu kɛse. Wɔ afe 1967 mu no, General Machinery Research Institute hyehyɛɛ kuw bi a wɔyɛ abɔnten so nsu a ɛtwetwe ho nhwehwɛmu sɛ wɔnhwehwɛ nnuruyɛ adwumayɛbea ahorow bi, ngo a wɔde yɛ ngo ne anyinam ahoɔden adwumayɛbea ahorow mu, na afei wɔde nsi yɛɛ nhwehwɛmu a ɛko tia nsɛe wɔ nneɛma a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma ne valve ntini ho.
3) Product adwumayɛ sɔhwɛ ne mfitiase nsusuwii nhwehwɛmu. Bere a wɔreyɛ mfiridwuma mu nhwehwɛmu no, .valve adwumayɛbea nonso de ahoɔden yɛɛ nneɛma a wɔyɛ ho sɔhwɛ ne mfitiase nsusuwii mu nhwehwɛmu, na onyaa nea efii mu bae pii.
5. Yɛ mfiridwuma mu nsakraeɛ wɔ nnwuma mu
Kaifeng Nhyiam no akyi wɔ 1973 mu no, nnwuma no nyinaa yɛɛ mfiridwuma mu nsakrae. Ɔhaw atitiriw a na ɛwɔ hɔ wɔ valve adwumayɛbea no mu saa bere no: Nea edi kan no, na ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ no kɔ akyi, na wɔde nsa na ɛyɛ nea wɔde gu ade no koraa, na wɔde ade biako na ɛyɛ, na na wɔtaa de mfiri a wɔde di dwuma wɔ ɔkwan a ɛkɔ akyiri so ne nneɛma a wɔde si hɔ a wɔde di dwuma wɔ ɔkwan a ɛkɔ akyiri so na ɛyɛ adwuma wɔ awɔw mu. Ɛyɛ nea wɔayɛ adwumayɛbea biara ahorow ne nea wɔakyerɛw no abien dodo, na dodow no sõ wɔ ɔman no nyinaa mu, nanso bere a wɔakyekyɛ adwumayɛbea biara akyi no, nneɛma a wɔyɛ no sua koraa, na ɛka sɛnea wɔde ahoɔden a wɔde yɛ nneɛma no di dwuma. Wɔ atifi hɔ ɔhaw ahorow no ho mmuaema mu no, Heavy and General Bureau a ɛwɔ First Ministry of Machinery no de nneɛma a edidi so yi too gua: wɔbɛhyehyɛ adwumayɛbea ahorow a ɛwɔ hɔ dedaw a ɛwɔ pressure valve valve ahorow no, yɛ nhyehyɛe a ɛyɛ biako, kyekyɛ adwumayɛfo mu wɔ ntease mu, na wɔtrɛw nneɛma pii a wɔyɛ mu; fa mfiridwuma a ɛkɔ anim, hyehyɛ akwan a wɔfa so yɛ nneɛma, na wɔyɛ biako wɔ adwumayɛbea atitiriw ne mmeae a hwee nni hɔ. Wɔde dade a wɔde gu mu a ɛnyɛ hwee a wɔde yɛ nneɛma 4 asi hɔ wɔ dade a wɔde gu mu adwumayɛbea hɔ, na wɔde nneɛma a wɔde yɛ nneɛma a ɛyɛ nwini 10 asi hɔ wɔ adwumayɛbea atitiriw asia mu; wɔde sika a ɛyɛ yuan ɔpepem 52 ahyɛ mfiridwuma mu nsakrae mu.
(1) Nsakraeɛ a ɛba ɔhyeɛ mu dwumadie mfiridwuma mu Wɔ ɔhyeɛ mu dwumadie mfiridwuma mu nsakraeɛ mu no, wɔama mfiridwuma te sɛ nsuo ahwehwɛ tidal shell mold, fluidized sand, tidal mold ne precision casting agye din. Precision casting betumi ahu chip-less anaasɛ mpo chip-free mfiri. Ɛfata ma gate, packing gland ne valve nipadua ne bonnet a nketewa-diameter valves, a ɛda adi sɛ sikasɛm mu mfaso. Wɔ 1969 mu no, Shanghai Lianggong Valve Factory dii kan de pɛpɛɛpɛ casting kwan no dii dwuma wɔ valve a wɔyɛ mu, maa PN16, DN50 apon valve nipadua, .
(2) Nsakraeɛ a ɛba wɔ awɔw mu adwumayɛ mfiridwuma mu Wɔ nsakraeɛ a ɛba wɔ awɔw mu adwumayɛ mfiridwuma mu no, wɔde mfiri soronko ne nhama a wɔde yɛ nneɛma di dwuma wɔ valve adwumayɛ mu. Wɔ 1964 mu tɔnn no, Shanghai Valve No. 7 Factory yɛɛ gate valve body crawler type semi-automatic production line no ho nhyehyɛe na wɔyɛɛ no, a ɛno ne valve a edi kan a ɛba fam a ɛyɛ semi-automatic production line wɔ valve adwumayɛ mu. Akyiri yi, Shanghai Valve No. 5 Factory yɛɛ nhyehyɛe na wɔyɛɛ semi-automatic production line a DN50 ~ DN100 low-pressure globe valve nipadua ne bonnet wɔ 1966 mu.
6. Fa ahoɔden yɛ ahorow foforo na ma sets a edi mũ no dodow tu mpɔn
Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobedi nnwinnade akɛse a edi mũ te sɛ petroleum, nnuruyɛ adwuma, anyinam ahoɔden, dade ne petrochemical nnwuma ahiade ho dwuma no, valve adwumayɛkuw no de ahoɔden reyɛ nneɛma foforo wɔ bere koro no ara mu a mfiridwuma mu nsakrae aba, a ama valve nneɛma a ɛne ne ho hyia no atu mpɔn.
03 Nsɛm a wɔaboaboa ano
Sɛ yɛhwɛ 1967-1978 akyi a, nkɔso a ɛbaa...valve bere bi na ɛka nnwuma kɛse. Esiane sɛ petroleum, nnuru, anyinam ahoɔden, dade ne fango nnwuma anya nkɔso ntɛmntɛm nti, nhyɛso a ɛkɔ soro ne nea ɛwɔ mfinimfini abɛyɛ “nneɛma a wɔde yɛ adwuma bere tiaa bi” bere tiaa bi. Wɔ 1972 mu no, valve adwumayɛbea ahyehyɛde no fii ase san fii ase yɛɛ dwumadi ahorow. Kaifeng nhyiam abien no akyi no, wɔde ahoɔden yɛɛ “nnɛyi nneɛma abiɛsa” ne mfiridwuma mu nhwehwɛmu adwuma, na ɛde mfiridwuma mu nsakrae asorɔkye bae wɔ adwumayɛkuw no nyinaa mu. Wɔ 1975 mu no, valve adwuma no fii ase siesiee, na nnwuma a wɔyɛ no danee kɔɔ yiye.
Wɔ 1973 mu no, Ɔman Nhyehyɛe Bagua no penee nneɛma a wɔbɛyɛ de ama nhyɛso a ɛkɔ soro ne nea ɛwɔ mfinimfini a wɔyɛ no akɔ soro no sovalve ahorow a wɔde yɛ adwuma. Sika a wɔde ahyɛ mu akyi no, valve adwuma no ayɛ nsakrae a ebetumi aba. Ɛdenam mfiridwuma mu nsakrae ne nkɔso so no, wɔagye mfiridwuma a ɛkɔ anim bi atom, ma enti wɔama awɔw mu nneɛma a wɔde yɛ adwuma wɔ adwumayɛbea no nyinaa mu no atu mpɔn akodu baabi, na wɔama mfiri a wɔde yɛ nneɛma a wɔde yɛ ɔhyew no atu mpɔn akodu baabi. Bere a wɔahyɛ plasma a wɔde petepete welding nhyehyɛe no ho nkuran akyi no, wɔama nneɛma a wɔyɛ wɔ valve ahorow a nhyɛso kɛse ne nea ɛwɔ mu no mu no atu mpɔn kɛse, na wɔama ɔhaw a ɛne sɛ “ɔyɛ tiawa biako ne abien a ɛtwetwe” no nso atu mpɔn. Esiane sɛ wɔawie na wɔadi dwuma wɔ nnwuma 32 a ɛfa nneɛma a wɔde bɛyɛ adwuma ho nti, China valve adwuma no wɔ fapem a ɛyɛ den ne tumi kɛse a wɔde yɛ nneɛma. Efi 1970 no, nea efi nhyɛso a ɛkorɔn ne nea ɛwɔ nhyɛso kɛse mu ba no akɔ so ayɛ kɛse. Efi 1972 kosi 1975 no, nea wonyae no kɔɔ soro fi 21,284t koduu 38,500t, na ɛkɔɔ soro 17,216t wɔ mfe 4 mu, a ɛne afe afe nea wɔyɛe wɔ afe 1970. Afe afe nneɛma a ɛba wɔ valve a nhyɛso a ɛba fam mu no ayɛ nea ɛyɛ den wɔ tɔn 70,000 kosi 80,000. Wɔ saa bere yi mu no, .valve no nnwuma mu ahoɔden de yɛɛ nneɛma foforo, ɛnyɛ sɛ wɔayɛ valve ahorow a wɔde di dwuma wɔ ɔkwan a ɛkɔ akyiri so nko na wɔayɛ kɛse, na mmom valve soronko a wɔde yɛ anyinam ahoɔden adwumayɛbea ahorow, nsu afiri, nhyɛso a ɛkɔ soro kɛse, ɔhyew a ɛba fam ne nuklea nnwuma, ahunmu ne valve afoforo a wɔde di dwuma titiriw nso ayɛ kɛse. Sɛ 1960 mfe no yɛ bere a wɔyɛɛ valve ahorow a wɔde di dwuma wɔ ɔkwan a ɛkɔ akyiri so kɛse a, ɛnde na 1970 mfe no yɛ bere a wɔyɛɛ valve ahorow a wɔde di dwuma titiriw. Tumi a ɛboa a ɛwɔ fievalve ahorow a wɔde yɛ adwuma no anya nkɔso kɛse, a ne titiriw no edi ɔman no sikasɛm mu nnwuma ahorow nkɔso ahiade ho dwuma.
Bere a wɔde bɛkyerɛw: Aug-04-2022
